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32 | Based on the interviews conducted, a review of facility documentation and R1’s glucose monitor records, on July 1, 2018, Staff #1 (S1), who is a facility Licensed Vocational Nurse (LVN), checked R1’s blood glucose level prior to breakfast. R1 was given six (6) units of Novolog, plus two (2) additional per sliding scale due to R1s blood glucose reading of 274 mg/dl. At approximately 11:46 a.m., R1’s blood glucose level was checked again by S1 and was noted to be at 146 mg/dl. Therefore, S1 administered R1’s afternoon injection of six (6) units of Novolog Insulin and seven (7) units of Tresiba Insulin and instructed R1 to eat. Staff was instructed by R1’s family that R1 must eat a meal after having any of R1’s insulin injections. Per interviews, two (2) caregivers inquired if R1 wanted to eat; however, R1 refused to eat, which the caregivers reported to S1. Per records obtained from R1’s Dexcom monitoring unit, a sharp and rapid drop of R1’s blood glucose level was noted from 11:46 a.m. to 1:45 p.m. and R1’s glucose level dropped below 80 mg/dl at 1:45 p.m. No evidence from facility documentation or the interviews conducted indicated that R1 was monitored by staff from 11:46 a.m. until the sounding of the alarm at 1:45 p.m.
At approximately 1:45 p.m., S1 was conducting afternoon rounds and heard R1’s glucose monitor alarming and noted R1’s blood glucose was dropping to 50 mg/dl. Per interviews, S1 offered R1 chocolate and pudding. However, R1’s glucose did not rise. S1 then contacted Staff #2 (S2) for assistance. S2 and Staff #3 (S3) responded to the call and noted R1 appeared lethargic, sluggish and was not able to answer and soon became unresponsive. S2 then placed a call to R1’s primary care physician (PCP) regarding R1’s condition and awaited directions. Facility staff contacted 9-1-1 at 2:33 p.m. after receiving instructions from R1’s PCP to send R1 to the hospital. Los Angeles County Fire Department (LACFD) arrived at the facility at 2:38 p.m. At 2:39 p.m., R1’s pulse, respiration, and systole (heartbeat) were all reported to be zero (0) and R1 was pronounced deceased at 2:40 p.m. Per R1’s death certificate, the cause of death was noted as cardiopulmonary arrest, probable respiratory failure, probable congestive heart failure. Other significant conditions contributing to death, but not resulting in the underlying cause, was noted to be diabetes mellitus type I uncontrolled, stroke, and vascular dementia. An autopsy was completed on July 9, 2018, which noted the final diagnosis as juvenile diabetes mellitus, severe cardiovascular arteriosclerosis, early pulmonary fibrosis with pleural adhesions and severe right and left sided cardiac osseous metaplasia (heart calcification).
As per the Mayo Clinic, “Hypoglycemia is a condition in which your blood sugar (glucose) level is lower than normal. Hypoglycemia needs immediate treatment when blood sugar levels are low. For many people, a fasting blood sugar of 70 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL), or 3.9 millimoles per liter (mmol/L), or below should serve as an alert for hypoglycemia. |